{"id":677,"date":"2022-10-25T18:49:28","date_gmt":"2022-10-25T18:49:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/?page_id=677"},"modified":"2023-04-21T12:05:44","modified_gmt":"2023-04-21T12:05:44","slug":"learning","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/","title":{"rendered":"Learning"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"677\" class=\"elementor elementor-677\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-89b8ae4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"89b8ae4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6c6bb2d\" data-id=\"6c6bb2d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e206e64 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e206e64\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a2bc2b4\" data-id=\"a2bc2b4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be1e99e elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"be1e99e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7a3857d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7a3857d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-aa344db\" data-id=\"aa344db\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14e0825 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"14e0825\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Heat_Treatment\"><\/span>What is Heat Treatment?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a57d493 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a57d493\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9486c74\" data-id=\"9486c74\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d5e4a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4d5e4a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Heat Treatment is the process of heating and cooli<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">ng of materials i<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">n a control manner to alter their mechanical and chemical properties. This process is achieved by heating the material to a specific temperature and holding it there for a designated time, followed by cooling it at a specific rate, to achieve the desirable results. The main objective of heat treatment is to improve the material&#8217;s mechanical properties, such as hardness, strength, ductility, toughness and properties like corrosion resistance, wear resistance and electrical conductivity.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #807c7c;\">After Heat Treatment the microstructure of the material depends on the specific process used. Generally the microstructure of the material can be altered through changes in crystal structure, grain size and other impurities within the material. The microstructure of the material after heat treatment is critical to its final properties. Thus, understanding the microstructure changes included by heat treatment is crucial for optimising the performance of the material and its intended use.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3fd42d1\" data-id=\"3fd42d1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3855cb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"3855cb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_69_1 ez-toc-wrap-right counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#What_is_Heat_Treatment\" title=\"What is Heat Treatment?\">What is Heat Treatment?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#The_Key_Benefits_of_Heat_Treatment_and_why_its_done\" title=\"The Key Benefits of Heat Treatment and why it\u2019s done?\">The Key Benefits of Heat Treatment and why it\u2019s done?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#Effects_of_Time_and_Temperature_TransformationTTT\" title=\"Effects of Time and Temperature Transformation(TTT) ?\">Effects of Time and Temperature Transformation(TTT) ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#What_is_Ferrite_Austenite_Pearlite_Cementite_Martensite_Bainite_Tempered_Martensite\" title=\"What is Ferrite, Austenite, Pearlite, Cementite, Martensite, Bainite, Tempered Martensite?\">What is Ferrite, Austenite, Pearlite, Cementite, Martensite, Bainite, Tempered Martensite?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#Some_important_links_to_understand_more_about_Heat_Treatment\" title=\"Some important links to understand more about Heat Treatment\">Some important links to understand more about Heat Treatment<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#List_of_Heat_Treatment_Processes\" title=\"List of Heat Treatment Processes\">List of Heat Treatment Processes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#What_is_Tempering_and_why_Tempering_is_necessary\" title=\"What is Tempering and why Tempering is necessary ?\">What is Tempering and why Tempering is necessary ?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#What_is_Quenching_and_the_list_of_quenching_medium_generally_used_in_industries\" title=\"What is Quenching and the list of quenching medium generally used in industries?\">What is Quenching and the list of quenching medium generally used in industries?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/learning\/#What_is_CCT_Diagram\" title=\"What is CCT Diagram?\">What is CCT Diagram?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-fdc3fe9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"fdc3fe9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c8f897\" data-id=\"4c8f897\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f8cd55 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9f8cd55\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Key_Benefits_of_Heat_Treatment_and_why_its_done\"><\/span>The Key Benefits of Heat Treatment and why it\u2019s done?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f60bf48 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f60bf48\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5367cb6\" data-id=\"5367cb6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f61c15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f61c15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">The Objective of Heat Treatment is to alter the physical and chemical properties in order to improve their mechanical properties.\u00a0<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">There are several reasons why heat treatment may be necessary, including:\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-385322f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"385322f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Improve Strength<\/strong><\/span> <span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">by<\/span> <span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">altering the microstructure after Heat Treatment. This can be done by Hardening the material to the desired temperature and changing the microstructure in quenching and strengthening the material after tempering to remove the brittleness and to relieve stress making the metal easier\u00a0 to weld or machine.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-86c5f44\" data-id=\"86c5f44\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ee90ff8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"ee90ff8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"696\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-1024x633.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4571\" alt=\"IronCarbonDiagram\" srcset=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-1024x633.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-768x475.jpg 768w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-1536x950.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-2048x1266.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-150x93.jpg 150w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-696x430.jpg 696w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-1068x660.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Carbon_Steel_Figs_1-2-min-1920x1187.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b8739c5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b8739c5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8ad3123\" data-id=\"8ad3123\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6936b3e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6936b3e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Increase Hardness\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">by heating the metal to a specific temperature and then cooling in whatever medium necessary according to the requirements . The formation of a finer perlite and ferrite microstructure which can be obtained during slow cooling in ambient air also helps to increase hardness. If the cooling happens\u00a0 even faster -for instance, by quenching the steel at about 1,000\u00b0 Celsius per minute which results in a complete depression of carbide formation and forces the undercooled ferrite to hold a large amount of carbon atoms. This generates a new microstructure,<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Martensite.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5634318 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5634318\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Increase Machinability\u00a0<span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">by softening certain materials to a specific temperature above the upper critical temperature and then cooled at slow rate according to the requirements. &#8216;Annealing&#8217; is the process of Heat Treatment in which the treater can increase the Machinability and this is typically performed on &#8220;hardenable&#8221; ferrous alloys to reduce hardness, increase ductility and increase in machinability of metal.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><p>\u00a0<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f58a6d2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f58a6d2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fb3cd36\" data-id=\"fb3cd36\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2a3bde elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f2a3bde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Improve Toughness\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">by altering the microstructure after heat treatment. This is achieved by heating the material to a specific temperature and then quenching it in a liquid such as oil or water, after quenching the formation of austenite to martensite occurs and in order to increase the ductility and toughness of a certain material, martensite is heat treated by a process called<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tempering<\/span><\/strong>.<br \/><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">Strength typically decreased by increasing the tempering temperature and time but the toughness of the material increases in this process.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c4d5a02 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c4d5a02\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f3b712e\" data-id=\"f3b712e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35bff20 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"35bff20\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Remove residual Stresses, <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">which can improve their stability <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">and reduce the<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"> likelihood of cracking or failure. This process is the treatment of a metal or alloy by heating to a predetermined temperature below its lower transformation temperature followed by cooling in air.\u00a0<br \/>Some of the processes such as hot rolling, welding, grinding, cold working and any type of cutting can create stresses at granular level can be removed with this process, with the help of this process the internal structure of the metal is realigned and eliminate the risk of failure which leads to increase in life cycles.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f4e0d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f4e0d3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d5ad8f\" data-id=\"2d5ad8f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17f63c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"17f63c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Effects_of_Time_and_Temperature_TransformationTTT\"><\/span>Effects of Time and Temperature Transformation(TTT) ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d34ea2c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d34ea2c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47abef0\" data-id=\"47abef0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-303a94f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"303a94f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Time Temperature Transformation(TTT) <\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">diagrams are used to understand the transformation that occur in materials during heat treatment. The plot shows the transformation of austenite into different phases (pearlite, bainite and martensite) at different temperature and times.<\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">This is also known as<\/span> <strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Isothermal Transformation Diagram <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">which are plots of temperature versus time (usually on a logarithmic scale). The TTT Diagram shows the relationship between temperature, time and the transformation of austenite to other microstructure of a material which have a significant impact on its mechanical properties as well. By controlling the cooling rate of a material during heat treatment, the TTT diagram can help determine the final microstructure and properties of the material.<br \/>The Slow cooling rate can lead the formation of pearlite which has good strength and toughness where as a faster cooling rate can lead to the formation of bainite or martensite, which have higher strength but lower toughness.\u00a0<br \/>In simple terms the TTT Diagram is based on the cooling rate of the material, which determines the time available for the transformation of austenite into different microstructures.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-36398f3\" data-id=\"36398f3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d690069 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d690069\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"522\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt1-min.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4615\" alt=\"TTT Diagram\" srcset=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt1-min.png 522w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt1-min-300x264.png 300w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt1-min-150x132.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-68930bf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"68930bf\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e06a93e\" data-id=\"e06a93e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-490e4ae elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"490e4ae\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #5c5b5b;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>The TTT Diagram Typically consists of three main regions:<br \/><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\"><br \/><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">1. Austenite region:<\/span> <br \/>This region is above the eutectoid temperature, where the material is fully austenitic.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">2. Transformation region:<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #807c7c;\">The Transformation region is where austenite transforms into other microstructures, depending on the cooling rate and time at a specific temperature.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt; font-family: verdana, geneva, sans-serif;\">3. Isothermal region:<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #807c7c;\">This region is where the material is held at a constant temperature to allow for the completion of the transformation to the desired microstructure.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-72f1529 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"72f1529\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f98d1f2\" data-id=\"f98d1f2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08fb241 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08fb241\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #807c7c;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The lower critical temperature of the material is represented by The first curve which is A1 curve , at this lower critical temperature the austenite begins to transform into ferrite and pearlite.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #807c7c; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The second curve is the A3 Curve which represents the upper critical temperature of the material, at this temperature the austenite begins to transform into delta ferrite and gamma austenite.\u00a0<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #807c7c; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Third curve is the TTT curve which shows the time and temperature required for austenite to transform into pearlite.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #807c7c; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">The Forth curve is the TTT curve which shows the time and temperature required for austenite to transform into bainite.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #807c7c;\">The Fifth curve is the TTT curve which shows the time and temperature required for austenite to transform into martensite.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-55a7653\" data-id=\"55a7653\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fc551a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5fc551a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"678\" height=\"519\" src=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iron-carbon-min.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4627\" alt=\"iron carbon diagram\" srcset=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iron-carbon-min.jpeg 678w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iron-carbon-min-300x230.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/iron-carbon-min-150x115.jpeg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 678px) 100vw, 678px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14e5546 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"14e5546\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-md\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-hand-pointer\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Iron Carbon Phase Diagram <\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c004f67 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c004f67\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c857a23\" data-id=\"c857a23\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b73c7e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5b73c7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-diagram8-min.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4631\" alt=\"TTT diagram\" srcset=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-diagram8-min.jpg 480w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-diagram8-min-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-diagram8-min-150x113.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-53aef2e\" data-id=\"53aef2e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f3cf53d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f3cf53d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"467\" height=\"366\" src=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-microstructures-min.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4633\" alt=\"TTT Microstructure\" srcset=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-microstructures-min.jpg 467w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-microstructures-min-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/ttt-microstructures-min-150x118.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 467px) 100vw, 467px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a4863b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a4863b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-66b210a\" data-id=\"66b210a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3012744 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3012744\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; color: #5c5b5b;\">The above images shows the microstructure after transformation of austenite to different structures depending upon the cooling rate and holding time at specific temperatures.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8fc5403 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8fc5403\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-697647d\" data-id=\"697647d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed2819e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ed2819e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Ferrite_Austenite_Pearlite_Cementite_Martensite_Bainite_Tempered_Martensite\"><\/span>What is Ferrite, Austenite, Pearlite, Cementite, Martensite, Bainite, Tempered Martensite?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d465fef elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d465fef\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-93668df\" data-id=\"93668df\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ca75cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ca75cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Ferrite<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Austenite<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Pearlite<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Cementite<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Martensite<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Bainite<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #333399;\">Tempered Martensite<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5dfceb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5dfceb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f9ca28\" data-id=\"6f9ca28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d33151c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d33151c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 24pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Some important links to understand more about Heat Treatment<\/span><\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4cbfee0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4cbfee0\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d5b9e0a\" data-id=\"d5b9e0a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b857d1d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b857d1d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/list-of-heat-treatment-processes\/\" target=\"_blank\">List of Heat Treatment Processes<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2b7f92c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2b7f92c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0fe2c1e\" data-id=\"0fe2c1e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-beeae9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"beeae9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Tempering_and_why_Tempering_is_necessary\"><\/span>What is Tempering and why Tempering is necessary ?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b92d288 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b92d288\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60f076b\" data-id=\"60f076b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-634cd38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"634cd38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Quenching_and_the_list_of_quenching_medium_generally_used_in_industries\"><\/span>What is Quenching and the list of quenching medium generally used in industries? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-89869f2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"89869f2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-80c996c\" data-id=\"80c996c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-973cab8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"973cab8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_CCT_Diagram\"><\/span>What is CCT Diagram? <span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is Heat Treatment? Heat Treatment is the process of heating and cooling of materials in a control manner to alter their mechanical and chemical properties. This process is achieved by heating the material to a specific temperature and holding it there for a designated time, followed by cooling it at a specific rate, to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-677","page","type-page","status-publish"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/677","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=677"}],"version-history":[{"count":178,"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4919,"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/677\/revisions\/4919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/srheattreaters.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}